In the tyme of Arthur, as trew men me tald,                                  told
	The King turnit on ane tyde towart Tuskane,   journeyed; time; Tuscany;(see note)
	Hym to seik ovr the sey, that saiklese wes sald, 1
	The syre that sendis all seill, suthly to sane;       wholesomeness, truly to say
5	With banrentis, barounis, and bernis full bald, 2                      (see note)
	Biggast of bane and blude bred in Britane.                            bone; blood
	Thai walit out werryouris with wapinnis to wald, 3                     (see note)
	The gayest grumys on grund, with geir that myght gane; 4
	Dukis and digne lordis, douchty and deir, 5                            (see note)
10	Sembillit to his summoune,                                     Assembled; summons
	Renkis of grete renoune,                                                   Nobles
	Cumly kingis with croune                                       Handsome; crown(s)
	Of gold that wes cleir.                                                was bright

	Thus the Royale can remove, with his Round Tabill,               King did set out
15	Of all riches maist rike, in riall array.               nobles most kingly; royal
	Wes never fundun on fold, but fenyeing or fabill, 6                    (see note)
	Ane farayr floure on ane feild of fresch men, in fay; 7                (see note)
	Farand on thair stedis, stout men and stabill, 8                       (see note)
	Mony sterne ovr the streit stertis on stray. 9                         (see note)
20	Thair baneris schane with the sone, of silver and sabill, 10
	And uthir glemyt as gold and gowlis so gay; 11
	Of silver and saphir schirly thai schane; 12                           (see note)
	Ane fair battell on breid                                        troop in breadth
	Merkit ovr ane fair meid;                                     Marched over; field
25	With spurris spedely thai speid,                                   quickly; moved
	Ovr fellis, in fane.                                         Over moors, with joy

	The King faris with his folk, ovr firthis and fellis,      travels; forest; moors
	Feill dais or he fand of flynd or of fyre;    Many days before he came upon flint
	Bot deip dalis bedene, dounis and dellis, 13
30	Montains and marresse, with mony rank myre;                  morass; swollen bogs
	Birkin bewis about, boggis and wellis,            Birch trees; swamps and streams
	Withoutin beilding of blis, of bern or of byre;     building; comfort; barn; shed
	Bot torris and tene wais, teirfull quha tellis. 14
	Tuglit and travalit thus trew men can tyre, 15
35	Sa wundir wait wes the way, wit ye but wene; 16
	And all thair vittalis war gone,                                         supplies
	That thay weildit in wone;                                       carried as usual
	Resset couth thai find none                                         Welcome could
	That suld thair bute bene.                                should; safe-keeping be

40	As thay walkit be the syde of ane fair well,                           by; spring
	Throu the schynyng of the son ane cieté thai se,   shining; sun; walled city; see
	With torris and turatis, teirfull to tell, 17
	Bigly batollit about with wallis sa he.         Greatly fortified; so [very] high
	The yettis war clenely kepit with ane castell;        gates were fully guarded by
45	Myght none fang it with force, bot foullis to fle.    take; except birds that fly
	Than carpit King Arthur, kene and cruell: spoke out; bold and fierce;  (see note)
	"I rede we send furth ane seynd to yone cieté, 18                      (see note)
	And ask leif at the lord yone landis suld leid, 19
	That we myght entir in his toune,                               manor; (see note)
50	For his hie renoune,                                                         high
	To by us vittale boune,                     buy provisions right away; (see note)
	For money to meid."                                               as compensation

	Schir Kay carpit to the King, courtes and cleir:          Sir; spoke; courteously
	"Grant me, lord, on yone gait graithly to gay;                  way quickly to go
55	And I sall boidword, but abaid, bring to you heir, 20
	Gif he be freik on the fold, your freynd or your fay." 21
	"Sen thi will is to wend, wy, now in weir,             Since; go, man; cautiously
	Luke that wisly thow wirk, Criste were the fra wa!"     behave; keep you from woe
	The berne bounit to the burgh with ane blith cheir, 22
60	Fand the yettis unclosit, and thrang in full thra.          gates; went in boldly
	His hors he tyit to ane tre, treuly that tyde;                         tied; time
	Syne hynt to ane hie hall                 Afterwards [he] went to a tall building
	That wes astalit with pall;                               set out with rich cloth
	Weill wroght wes the wall,                                  Beautifully decorated
65	And payntit with pride.                                                splendidly

	The sylour deir of the deise dayntely wes dent 23                      (see note)
	With the doughtyest in thair dais dyntis couth dele; 24                (see note)
	Bright letteris of gold blith unto blent,                delightful to the glance
	Makand mencioune quha maist of manhede couth mele. 25                  (see note)
70	He saw nane levand leid upone loft lent, 26
	Nouthir lord na lad, leif ye the lele.                             believe; truth
	The renk raikit in the saill, riale and gent, 27
	That wondir wisly wes wroght with wourschip and wele. 28
	The berne besely and bane blenkit hym about; 29
75	He saw throu ane entré                                                    doorway
	Charcole in ane chymné;
	Ane bright fyre couth he se                                            (see note)
	Birnand full stout.                                                       Burning

	Ane duergh braydit about, besily and bane,                  dwarf bustled; deftly
80	Small birdis on broche be ane bright fyre.                  skewer by; (see note)
	Schir Kay ruschit to the roist, and reft fra the swane, 30
	Lightly claught, throu lust, the lym fra the lyre. 31(see note)
	To feid hym of that fyne fude the freik wes full fane. 32
	Than dynnyt the duergh, in angir and yre,          clamored the dwarf; (see note)
85	With raris, quhil the rude hall reirdit agane. 33
	With that come girdand in greif ane woundir grym sire; 34              (see note)
	With stout contenance and sture he stude thame beforne,                 ferocious
	With vesage lufly and lang,                                            face; full
	Body stalwart and strang;
90	That sege wald sit with none wrang                           warrior would suffer
	Of berne that wes borne.                                        From [any] person

	The knyght carpit to Schir Kay, cruel and kene:                         spoke out
	"Me think thow fedis the unfair, freik, be my fay!   feed yourself wrongfully man
	Suppose thi birny be bright, as bachiler suld ben, 35
95	Yhit ar thi latis unlufsum and ladlike, I lay. 36
	Quhy has thow marrit my man, with maistri to mene? 37
	Bot thow mend hym that mys, be Mary, mylde may,
	Thow sall rew in thi ruse, wit thow but wene,                          (see note)
	Or thow wend of this wane wemeles away!" 38                            (see note)
100	Schir Kay wes haisty and hate, and of ane hie will;     hot[-headed]; strong will
	Spedely to hym spak:                                                     Directly
	"Schort amendis will I mak;
	Thi schore compt I noght ane caik,                 threat count; cake; (see note)
	Traist wele thair till."                                       Trust well thereto

105	Thairwith the grume, in his grief, leit gird to Schir Kay, 39
	Fellit the freke with his fist flat in the flure.                    on the floor
	He wes sa astonayt with the straik, in stede quhare he lay 40
	Stok still as ane stane, the sterne wes sa sture! 41
	The freik na forthir he faris, bot foundis away.       warrior; goes, but strides
110	The tothir drew hym on dreigh in derne to the dure, 42
	Hyit hym hard throu the hall to his haiknay,   Hastened him fast; hackney (horse)
	And sped hym on spedely on the spare mure.         to the barren moor; (see note)
	The renk restles he raid to Arthour the King;            warrior breathless; rode
	Said: "Lord, wendis on your way,                                               go
115	Yone berne nykis yow with nay;                         knight rebuffs; (see note)
	To prise hym forthir to pray,                              To attempt; to beseech
	It helpis na thing."

	Than spak Schir Gawane the gay, gratious and gude:                       gracious
	"Schir, ye knaw that Schir Kay is crabbit of kynde;           irritable by nature
120	I rede ye mak furth ane man, mekar of mude, 43
	That will with fairnes fraist frendschip to fynd. fairness attempt; to seek [out]
	Your folk ar febill and faynt for falt of thair fude; 44               (see note)
	Sum better boidword to abide, undir wod lynd."       message to await; lindenwood
	"Schir Gawyne, graith ye that gait, for the gude Rude! 45
125	Is nane sa bowsum ane berne, brith for to bynd." 46                    (see note)
	The heynd knight at his haist held to the toune.          gentle; behest made for
	The yettis wappit war wyde;                          gates were flung wide [open]
	The knyght can raithly in ryde,                                       did quickly
	Reynit his palfray of pryde,                         Reined; handsome; (see note)
130	Quhen he wes lightit doune.                            When; alighted; (see note)

	Schir Gawyne gais furth the gait, that graithit wes gay, 47
	The quhilk that held to the hall, heyndly to se;             which; led; pleasing
	Than wes the syre in the saill, with renkis of array, 48               (see note)
	And blith birdis hym about, that bright wes of ble.   pleasant women; countenance
135	Wourthy Schir Gawyne went on his way;
	Sobirly the soverane salust has he:             Politely; saluted (i.e., greeted)
	"I am send to your self, ane charge for to say,                           message
	Fra cumly Arthur, the King, cortesse and fre;                           courteous
	Quhilk prays for his saik and your gentrice,                  Who; sake; courtesy
140	That he might cum this toun till                                             into
	To by vittale at will,                                          purchase supplies
	Alse deir as segis will sell,                                   As dear as people
	Payand the price."                                                         Paying

	Than said the syre of the saill and the soverane:                            hall
145	"I will na vittale be sauld your senyeour untill." will [allow]; lord; (see note)
	"That is at your aune will," said wourthy Gawane;                             own
	"To mak you lord of your aune, me think it grete skill." 49            (see note)
	Than right gudly that grome answerit agane:   lord answered in return; (see note)
	"Quhy I tell the this taill, tak tent now thair till: 50
150	Pase on thi purpos furth to the plane.                          Continue; mission
	For all the wyis I weild ar at his aune will, 51                       (see note)
	How to luge and to leynd, and in my land lent.              lodge; linger; remain
	Gif I sauld hym his awin,                                               If I sold
	It war wrang to be knawin; 52
155	Than war I wourthy to be drawin                drawn (i.e., punished for treason)
	Baldly on bent.                             Openly on ground (i.e., among people)

	"Thare come ane laithles leid air to this place, 53
	With ane girdill ovrgilt, and uthir light gere;        gilded-over; trifling gear
	It kythit be his cognisance ane knight that he wes, 54                 (see note)
160	Bot he wes ladlike of laitis, and light of his fere. 55
	The verray cause of his come I knew noght the cace,  actual; visit; circumstances
	Bot wondirly wraithly he wroght, and all as of were. 56                (see note)
	Yit wait I noght quhat he is, be Goddis grete grace!                     Yet know
	Bot gif it happin that he be ane knyght of youris here,                    But if
165	Has done my lord to displeise, that I hym said ryght, 57
	And his presence plane,                       Or his majesty offended; (see note)
	I say yow in certane,                                            tell; (see note)
	He salbe set agane,                                          shall be compensated
	As I am trew knight!"

170	Schir Gawyne gettis his leif, and grathis to his steid, 58
	And broght to the bauld King boidword of blis:                      bold; message
	"Weill gretis yow, Lord, yone lusty in leid,   yon powerful [one] with his people
	And says hym likis in land your langour to lis; 59
	All the wyis and welth he weildis in theid 60                          (see note)
175	Sall halely be at your will, all that is his."                       Shall wholly
	Than he merkit with myrth ovr ane grene meid    marched; over; meadow; (see note)
	With all the best, to the burgh, of lordis, I wis.                   city; surely
	The knight kepit the King, cumly and cleir;                 met; comely and fresh
	With lordis and ladyis of estate,
180	Met hym furth on the gate,                                             on the way
	Syne tuke him in at yate                                     Afterwards; the gate
	With ane blith cheir.                                 cheerful regard; (see note)

	He had that heynd to ane hall, hiely on hight, 61
	With dukis and digne lordis, doughty in deid.                        worthy; deed
185	"Ye ar welcum, cumly King," said the kene knyght,                        powerful
	"Ay, quhil you likis and list to luge in this leid. 62
	Heir I mak yow of myne maister of myght,    Here; in my domain sovereign complete
	Of all the wyis and welth I weild in this steid.                people; territory
	Thair is na ridand roy, be resoun and right,          knightly prince; (see note)
190	Sa deir welcum this day, doutles but dreid.                     without any doubt
	I am your cousing of kyn, I mak to yow knawin; 63                      (see note)
	This kyth and this castell,                                               country
	Firth, forest, and fell,                                             Wood; meadow
	Ay, quhill yow likis to dwell,                                              while
195	Ressave as your awin.                                         Receive; (see note)

	"I may refresch yow with folk, to feght gif you nedis, 64              (see note)
	With thretty thousand tald, and traistfully tight,  [all] told; reliably equipped
	Of wise, wourthy, and wight, in thair were wedis,              powerful; war gear
	Baith with birny and brand to strenth you ful stright, 65
200	Weill stuffit in steill, on thair stout stedis."             dressed out in steel
	Than said King Arthur hymself, seymly be sight:                          to sight
	"Sic frendschip I hald fair, that forssis thair dedis; 66
	Thi kyndnes salbe quyt, as I am trew knight." 67                       (see note)
	Than thay buskit to the bynke, beirnis of the best.    moved off; bench, warriors
205	The King crownit with gold,                                            (see note)
	Dukis deir to behold,                                                      worthy
	Allyns the banrent bold                In all ways the banneret (powerful knight)
	Gladit his gest.                                                         Welcomed

	Thair myght service be sene, with segis in saill, 68                   (see note)
210	Thoght all selcought war soght fra the son to the see. 69
	Wynis went within that wane, maist wourthy to vaill, 70                (see note)
	In coupis of cleir gold, brichtest of blee.            cups; brightest of surface
	It war full teir for to tell treuly in taill                       toilsome; tale
	The seir courssis that war set in that semblee.             many courses; company
215	The meriest war menskit on mete, at the maill, 71                      (see note)
	With menstralis myrthfully makand thame glee.        minstrels; making [for] them
	Thus thay solaist thameselvin, suthly to say,          enjoyed; truly; (see note)
	Al thay four dais to end;                     those four days in full; (see note)
	The King thankit the heynd,                                       handsome [lord]
220	Syne tuke his leve for to wend,                                       Then; to go
	And went on his way.

	Thus refreschit he his folk in grete fusioun,                           abundance
	Withoutin wanting in waill, wastell or wyne. 72
	Thai turssit up tentis and turnit of toun,                  packed; departed from
225	The Roy with his Round Tabill, richest of ryne.                       King; lands
	Thay drive on the da deir be dalis and doun, 73                        (see note)
	And of the nobillest bename, noumerit of nyne.              [took in] number nine
	Quhen it drew to the dirk nycht, and the day yeid doun,          When; dark; went
	Thai plantit doun pavillonis, proudly fra thine.    pavilions; thence; (see note)
230	Thus journait gentilly thyr chevalrouse knichtis,    journeyed; these; (see note)
	Ithandly ilk day,                                               Continuously each
	Throu mony fer contray,                                                       far
	Ovr the montains gay,                                                  (see note)
	Holtis and hillis.                                                          Woods

235	Thai passit in thare pilgramage, the proudest in pall,           passed on; robes
	The prince provit in prese, that prise wes and deir.   proven in battle; renowned
	Syne war thai war of ane wane, wrocht with ane wal, 74                 (see note)
	Reirdit on ane riche roche, beside ane riveir,               Erected; magnificent
	With doubill dykis bedene drawin ovr all;                      moats together set
240	Micht nane thame note with invy, nor nygh thame to neir. 75            (see note)
	The land wes likand in large and lufsum to call; 76                    (see note)
	Propir schene schane the son, seymly and feir. 77                      (see note)
	The King stude vesiand the wall, maist vailyeand to se:          viewing; valiant
	On that river he saw
245	Cumly towris to knaw;                                                      behold
	The Roy rekinnit on raw                                            counted on row
	Thretty and thre.

	Apone that riche river, randonit full evin                 arranged symmetrically
	The sidewallis war set, sad to the see;                      firm against the sea
250	Scippis saland thame by, sexty and sevyn,              [There were] ships sailing
	To send, quhen thameself list, in seir cuntré, 78
	That al thai that ar wrocht undir the hie hevin                 [Such] that; made
	Micht nocht warne thame at wil to ische nor entré.     prevent; to issue or enter
	Than carpit the cumly King, with ane lowd stevin:           Then spoke out; voice
255	"Yone is the seymliast sicht that ever couth I se.     most beautiful; (see note)
	Gif thair be ony keyne knycht that can tell it,                              keen
	Quha is lord of yone land,                                                    Who
	Lusty and likand,                                           Vigorous and handsome
	Or quham of is he haldand,              Or from whom is he holding [his lordship]
260	Fayne wald I wit."                                                  Happily; know

	Than Schir Spynagrose with speche spak to the King:                    (see note)
	"Yone lord haldis of nane leid, that yone land aw, 79                  (see note)
	Bot everlesting but legiance, to his leving, 80                        (see note)
	As his eldaris has done, enduring his daw." elders (i.e., ancestors); to his day
265	"Hevinly God!" said the heynd, "how happynis this thing?          handsome [King]
	Herd thair ever ony sage sa selcouth ane saw! 81                       (see note)
	Sal never myne hart be in saill na in liking,       health; happiness; (see note)
	Bot gif I loissing my life, or be laid law,                     Unless; lose; low
	Be the pilgramage compleit I pas for saull prow, 82
270	Bot dede be my destenyng,                                   Unless death; destiny
	He sall at my agane cumyng                                                 return
	Mak homage and oblissing,                                    homage and obeisance
	I mak myne avow!"                                                      (see note)

	"A! Lord, sparis of sic speche, quhill ye speir more, 83               (see note)
275	For abandonit will he noght be to berne that is borne.         subjugated; knight
	Or he be strenyeit with strenth, yone sterne for to schore, 84         (see note)
	Mony ledis salbe loissit, and liffis forlorne.       men shall be lost; forfeited
	Spekis na succeudry, for Goddis sone deir!       Speak no false pride; (see note)
	Yone knicht to scar with skaitht, ye chaip nocht but scorne. 85        (see note)
280	It is full fair for to be fallow and feir      fellow (i.e., equal) and companion
	To the best that has bene brevit you beforne.                 praised; (see note)
	The myghty king of Massidone, wourthiest but wene, 86                  (see note)
	Thair gat he nane homage,                                                     got
	For all his hie parage,                                                 high rank
285	Of lord of yone lynage,                                                   lineage
	Nor never none sene.                                                        since

	"The wy that wendis for to were quhen he wenys best, 87
	All his will in this warld, with welthis I wys,           power; resources indeed
	Yit sall be licht as leif of the lynd lest, 88                         (see note)
290	That welteris doun with the wynd, sa waverand it is. 89                (see note)
	.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .
	Your mycht and your majesté mesure but mys." 90                        (see note)
	"In faith," said the cumly King, "trou ye full traist,       believe you securely
	My hecht sall haldin be, for baill or for blis:                      promise; woe
	Sall never my likame be laid unlaissit to sleip, 91
295	Quhill I have gart yone berne bow,                Until; made yon knight bow down
	As I have maid myne avow -
	Or ellis mony wedou                                           a widow; (see note)
	Ful wraithly sal weip."                                    wrenchingly shall weep

	Thair wes na man that durst mel to the King                                 speak
300	Quhan thai saw that mighty sa movit in his mude.powerful [one]; mood; (see note)
	The Roy rial raid withoutin resting,                                   royal rode
	And socht to the cieté of Criste, ovr the salt flude. 92
	With mekil honour in erd he maid his offering,                        much; earth
	Syne buskit hame the samyne way that he before yude.     Then hastened home; went
305	Thayr wes na spurris to spair, spedely thai spring; 93                 (see note)
	Thai brochit blonkis to thair sidis brist of rede blude. 94            (see note)
	Thus the Roy and his rout restles thai raid
	Ithandly ilk day,                                       Steadily each; (see note)
	Ovr the montains gay,                                                  (see note)
310	To Rone tuke the reddy way,                      [the] Rhone [valley]; (see note)
	Withoutin mare abaid.                                                  more delay

	Thai plantit doun ane pailyeoun, upone ane plane lee, 95
	Of pall and of pillour that proudly wes picht,       rich cloth; fur; constructed
	With rapis of rede gold, riale to see,                                    tassels
315	And grete ensenyes of the samyne, semly by sicht; 96
	Bordouris about, that bricht war of ble,                       bright; appearance
	Betin with brint gold, burely and bricht;           Beaten; burnished gold, noble
	Frenyeis of fyne silk, fretit ful fre                       Fringes; crisscrossed
	With deir dyamonthis bedene, that dayntely wes dicht. 97
320	The King cumly in kith, coverit with croune,                   with his household
	Callit knichtis sa kene,                                               (see note)
	Dukis douchty bedene:                                                    together
	"I rede we cast us betwene,                                advise we take counsel
	How best is to done."                                                          do

325	Than spak ane wight weriour, wourthy and wise:                           powerful
	"I rede ane sayndis man ye send to yone senyeour,                 messenger; lord
	Of the proudest in pall, and haldin of prise, 98
	Wise, vailyeing, and moist of valour.                            valiant and most
	Gif yone douchty in deid wil do your devise,                          If; request
330	Be boune at your bidding in burgh and in bour, 99                      (see note)
	Ressave him reverendly, as resoun in lyis; 100                         (see note)
	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
	And gif he nykis you with nay, yow worthis on neid    scorns you [it] becomes you
	For to assege yone castel                                                 assault
	With cant men and cruel,                                             bold; fierce
335	Durandly for to duel                                               Stoutly; fight
	Ever quhill ye speid."                                                   flourish

	Than Shir Gawane the gay, grete of degre,
	And Shir Lancelot de Lake, without lesing,                      lying; (see note)
	And avenand Schir Ewin, thai ordanit that thre  courteous; dispatched; (see note)
340	To the schore chiftane, chargit fra the Kyng.    fearsome; instructed; (see note)
	Spynagros than spekis, said, "Lordingis in le,        on earth [i.e., right here]
	I rede ye tent treuly to my teching,                               advise; attend
	For I knaw yone bauld berne better than ye,                          bold warrior
	His land, and his lordschip, and his leving.    living (i.e., income); (see note)
345	And ye ar thre in this thede, thrivand oft in thrang, 101              (see note)
	War al your strenthis in ane,                           Were; [combined] into one
	In his grippis and ye gane,                                             if you go
	He wald ovrcum yow ilkane,                                               each one
	Yone sterne is sa strang.

350	"And he is maid on mold meik as ane child, made (i.e., conducts himself) on earth
	Blith and bousum that berne as byrd in hir bour,  gracious; bride in her own room
	Fayr of fell and of face as flour unfild,                         skin; unspoiled
	Wondir stalwart and strang to strive in ane stour.                         battle
	Thairfore meikly with mouth mel to that myld,                               speak
355	And mak him na manance, bot al mesoure. 102
	Thus with trety ye cast yon trew undre tyld,                           (see note)
	And faynd his frendschip to fang with fyne favour.                seek; to obtain
	It hynderis never for to be heyndly of speche;                           pleasing
	He is ane lord riale,
360	Ane seymly soverane in sale,                                     hall; (see note)
	Ane wourthy wy for to wale,                                       person to exalt
	Throu all this warld reche."                                    world magnificent

	"Thi counsale is convenabill, kynd and courtese;                      appropriate
	Forthi us likis thi lair listin and leir." 103
365	Thai wyis, wourthy in weid, wend on thair ways,            Those men; dress, move
	And caryis to the castell, cumly and cleir;                           go [off] to
	Sent ane saynd to the soverane sone, and hym sais, 104
	Thre knichtis fra court cum thay weir.                           were; (see note)
	Than the ledis belife the lokkis unlaissis;    servants quickly the locks unlatch
370	On fute freschly thai frekis foundis but feir; 105                     (see note)
	The renkis raithly can raik into the round hald. 106
	Thair met thame at the entré
	Ladys likand to se,                                        ladies pleasing to see
	Thretty knichtis and thre,                                             (see note)
375	That blith war and bald.

	Thai war courtes and couth thair knyghthed to kyth, 107
	Athir uthir wele gret in gretly degré;                  Each [the] other; saluted
	Thai bowit to the bernys, that bright war and blith, 108
	Fair in armys to fang, of figure sa fre.          embrace, in appearance so noble
380	Syne thay sought to the chalmer, swiftly and swith, 109                (see note)
	The gait to the grete lord semely to se,                                     path
	And salust the soverane sone, in ane sith,  greet; immediately, [all] at one time
	Courtesly inclinand, and kneland on kne.                                   bowing
	Ane blithar wes never borne of bane nor of blude;     A more noble [knight]; bone
385	All thre in certane
	Salust the soverane,                                                        Greet
	And he inclynand agane,                                   acknowledging in return
	Hatles, but hude.                                     Hatless, but [for] his hood

	Than Schir Gawyne the gay, gude and gracius,
390	That ever wes beildit in blis, and bounté embrasit, 110
	Joly and gentill, and full chevailrus,
	That never poynt of his prise wes fundin defasit, 111
	Egir and ertand, and ryght anterus,                 Eager and lively; adventurous
	Illuminat with lawté, and with lufe lasit,    Radiant with loyalty; love bound up
395	Melis of the message to Schir Golagrus.                        Speaks; (see note)
	Before the riale on raw the renk wes noght rasit; 112
	With ane clene contenance, cumly to knaw,                   a candid look; behold
	Said: "Our soverane, Arthour,
	Gretis the with honour,
400	Has maid us thre as mediatour,                                         (see note)
	His message to schaw.                                     show (i.e., make known)

	"He is the raillest Roy, reverend and rike,  kingliest King; powerful; (see note)
	Of all the rentaris to ryme or rekin on raw. 113
	Thare is na leid on life of lordschip hym like,                              lord
405	Na nane sa doughty of deid, induring his daw. 114                      (see note)
	Mony burgh, mony bour, mony big bike, 115                              (see note)
	Mony kynrik to his clame, cumly to knaw,                         kingdom; control
	Maneris full menskfull, with mony deip dike;            Manors; noble; deep moats
	Selcouth war the sevint part to say at saw. 116                        (see note)
410	Thare anerdis to our Nobill, to note quhen hym nedis, 117
	Twelf crownit kingis in feir,                                          (see note)
	With all thair strang poweir,
	And mony wight weryer,                                  many [a] powerful warrior
	Worthy in wedis.                                                             gear

415	"It has bene tauld hym with tong, trow ye full traist,                     tongue
	Your dedis, your dignité and your doughtynes,                          (see note)
	Brevit throu bounté for ane of the best                Renowned for largesse; one
	That now is namyt neir of all nobilnes, 118
	Sa wyde quhare wourscip walkis be west.                                (see note)
420	Our seymly Soverane hymself, forsuth, will noght cese                truly; cease
	Quhill he have frely fangit your frendschip to fest; 119               (see note)
	Gif pament or praier mught mak that purchese,        If gift or prayer; agreement
	For na largese my Lord noght wil he never let,                   riches; let [up]
	Na for na riches to rigne. 120                                         (see note)
425	I mak you na lesing,                                                          lie
	It war his maist yarnyng                                                 yearning
	Your grant for to get."                            [feudal] submission to receive

	Than said the syre of the sail, with sad sembland: 121
	"I thank your gracious grete lord and his gude wil;                    (see note)
430	Had ever leid of this land, that had bene levand,        lord; living; (see note)
	Maid ony feuté before, freik, to fulfil,                     Made any fealty; sir
	I suld sickirly myself be consentand,                           surely; agreeable
	And seik to your soverane, seymly on syll.                              on throne
	Sen hail our doughty elderis has bene endurand, 122                    (see note)
435	Thrivandly in this thede, unchargit as thril,
	If I, for obeisance or boist, to bondage me bynde,
	I war wourthy to be                                                 [Then] I were
	Hingit heigh on ane tre,                                                   Hanged
	That ilk creature might se,                                                  each
440	To waif with the wynd.                                                       wave

	"Bot savand my senyeoury fra subjectioun, 123                          (see note)
	And my lordscip unlamyt, withoutin legiance,                  unimpaired; service
	All that I can to yone King, cumly with croun,
	I sall preif all my pane to do hym plesance,              prove (take) every pain
445	Baith with body and beild, bowsum and boun,        possessions friendly and eager
	Hym to mensk on mold, withoutin manance.                      to honor; hostility
	Bot nowthir for his senyeoury, nor for his summoun,    neither; lordship; command
	Na for dreid of na dede, na for na distance,                no strife; (see note)
	I will noght bow me ane bak for berne that is borne.         bow my back one time
450	Quhill I may my wit wald,                                   wield (i.e., possess)
	I think my fredome to hald,                              intend my [own] lordship
	As my eldaris of ald
	Has done me beforne."
	Thai lufly ledis at that lord thair levis has laught; 124
455	Bounit to the bauld King, and boidword him broght.                  Went; message
	Than thai schupe for to assege segis unsaught, 125                     (see note)
	Ay the manlyest on mold, that maist of myght moght.
	Thair wes restling and reling but rest that raught. 126
	Mony sege ovr the sey to the cité socht;            fighter; made way; (see note)
460	Schipmen ovr the streme thai stithil full straught,           hasten straightaway
	With alkin wappyns, I wys, that wes for were wroght. 127               (see note)
	Thai bend bowis of bras braithly within;                    furiously; (see note)
	Pellokis paisand to pase,                     Cannonballs heavy to [set in] place
	Gapand gunnys of brase,                                                      Huge
465	Grundin ganyeis thair wase,                Sharpened darts there were; (see note)
	That maid ful gret dyn.                                                       din

	Thair wes blawing of bemys, braging and beir;          trumpets, racket and blare
	Bretynit doune braid wod, maid bewis full bair;   Chopped; broad branches; boughs
	Wrightis welterand doune treis, wit ye but weir, 128
470	Ordanit hurdys ful hie in holtis sa haire, 129                         (see note)
	To gar the gayest on grund grayne undir geir. 130
	For to greif thair gomys, gramest that wer,                 enemies, most hostile
	Thus thai schupe for ane salt, ilk sege seir; 131
	Ilka soverane his enseyne shewin has thair; commander his heraldic sign displayed
475	Ferly fayr wes the feild, flekerit and faw     Marvelously; sparkling and dappled
	With gold and goulis in greyne,                       gules (i.e., red) dyed fast
	Schynand scheirly and scheyne;                                brightly; beautiful
	The sone, as cristall sa cleyne,
	In scheildis thai schaw.                                      reflect; (see note)

480	Be it wes mydmorne and mare, merkit on the day, By [the time] it; as the day goes
	Schir Golagros mery men, menskful of myght,               Gologras' hearty; proud
	In greis and garatouris, grathit full gay,         greaves and sashes, fitted out
	Sevyne score of scheildis thai schew at ane sicht.              show at one sight
	Ane helme set to ilk scheild, siker of assay,                      tried and true
485	With fel lans on loft, lemand ful light. 132                           (see note)
	Thus flourit thai the forefront, thair fays to fray,   deployed; foes to frighten
	The frekis, that war fundin ferse and forssy in fight. 133
	Ilk knyght his cunysance kithit full cleir; 134                        (see note)
	Thair names writtin all thare,                                         (see note)
490	Quhat berne that it bare,                                            Which knight
	That ilk freke quhare he fare                                            wherever
	Might wit quaht he weir.                                    make known who he was

	"Yone is the warliest wane," said the wise King,       most formidable stronghold
	"That ever I wist in my walk, in all this warld wyde; 135              (see note)
495	And the straitest of stuf, with richese to ring, 136
	With unabasit bernys bergane to abide;      undaunted warriors conflict to endure
	May nane do thame na deir with undoyng;                     harm with open attack
	Yone house is sa huge hie, fra harme thame to hide.
	Yit sal I mak thame unrufe, foroutin resting, 137                      (see note)
500	And reve thame thair rentis, with routis full ride, 138
	Thoght I suld fynd thame new notis for this nine yeir; 139             (see note)
	And in his aune presence                                                territory
	Heir sall I mak residence,
	Bot he with force mak defence,                                 Unless; (see note)
505	With strenth me to steir."                                       [And]; drive off

	"Quhat nedis," said Spinagrus, "sic notis to nevin,             such words to say
	Or ony termis be turnit, I tell you treuly?         Before; exchanged; (see note)
	For thair is segis in yone saill wil set upone sevin 140               (see note)
	Or thay be wrangit, I wis, I warne you ilk wy. 141
510	Nane hardiar of hertis undir the hevin:
	Or thay be dantit with dreid, erar will thai de;             daunted; sooner; die
	And thai with men upone mold be machit full evin,If; earth are matched up evenly
	Thai salbe fundin right ferse, and full of chevalrie.                       found
	Schir, ye ar in your majesté, your mayne and your myght,               (see note)
515	Yit within thir dais thre,                                       these days three
	The sicker suth sall ye se,                          unshakable truth; (see note)
	Quhat kin men that thai be,                                        What kind [of]
	And how thai dar fight."

	As the reverend Roy wes reknand upone raw, 142                         (see note)
520	With the rout of the Round Tabill, that wes richest,       company; most powerful
	The King crounit with gold, cumly to knaw,
	With reverend baronis and beirnis of the best,
	He hard ane bugill blast brym and ane loud blaw,                    loudly; trump
	As the seymly sone silit to the rest.                     sank to its; (see note)
525	A gome gais to ane garet, glisnand to schaw, 143                       (see note)
	Turnit to ane hie toure, that tight wes full trest; Went; constructed was soundly
	Ane helme of hard steill in hand has he hynt,                             grasped
	Ane scheld wroght all of weir,                                        [gold] wire
	Semyt wele upone feir;                               [Which] seemed well together
530	He grippit to ane grete speir,
	And furth his wais wynt.

	"Quhat signifyis yone schene scheild?" said the Senyeour.                    Lord
	"The lufly helme and the lance, all ar away,                       are gone [now]
	The brym blast that he blew with ane stevin stour?"        fierce; powerful sound
535	Than said Spynagrus with speche: "The suth sall I say.          truth; (see note)
	Yone is ane freik in his force, and fresch in his flour. 144           (see note)
	To se that his schire weid be sicker of assay, 145
	He thinkis prouese to preve for his paramour,        his prowess to show; beloved
	And prik in your presence to purchese his pray. ride (joust); earn his reputation
540	Forthi makis furth ane man, to mach hym in feild, Therefore put forth; (see note)
	That knawin is for cruel,                                                  fierce
	Doughty dyntis to dell,                                         strokes to strike
	That for the maistry dar mell                                              engage
	With schaft and with scheild."

545	Than wes the King wondir glaid, and callit Gaudifeir;                  (see note)
	Quhilum in Britane that berne had baronyis braid.                     Once; sired
	And he gudly furth gais, and graithit his geir,                           readies
	And buskit hym to battell, without mair abaid.                    hastened; delay
	That wy walit, I wis, all wedis of weir       warrior picked out; garments of war
550	That nedit hym to note gif he nane had. 146                            (see note)
	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
	Bery broune wes the blonk, burely and braid,   Berry-brown; horse, burly and huge
	Upone the mold, quhare thai met, before the mydday.
	With lufly lancis and lang,
	Ane faire feild can thai fang,                                      did they take
555	On stedis stalwart and strang,
	Baith blanchart and bay.                                  white and reddish-brown

	Gaudifeir and Galiot, in glemand steil wedis,             steel armor; (see note)
	As glavis glowand on gleid, grymly thai ride.               blades; on live coals
	Wondir sternly thai steir on thair stent stedis:        they advance; unflinching
560	Athir berne fra his blonk borne wes that tide. 147
	Thai ruschit up rudly, quhasa right redis;   furiously, whoso rightly understands
	Out with swerdis thai swang fra thair schalk side.                          noble
	Thairwith wraithly thai wirk, thai wourthy in wedis, 148
	Hewit on the hard steil, and hurt thame in the hide.             skin; (see note)
565	Sa wondir freschly thai frekis fruschit in feir,               struggled together
	Throw all the harnes thai hade,                                             armor
	Baith birny and breistplade,                         Both cuirass and breastplate
	Thairin wappynis couth wade,                                     Where; penetrate
	Wit ye but weir.                                               You may be certain

570	Thus thai faught upone fold, with ane fel fair,                  lethal onslaught
	Quhill athir berne in that breth bokit in blude. strife moved about through blood
	Thus thai mellit on mold, ane myle way and maire, 149
	Wraithly wroht, as thei war witlese and wode. 150                      (see note)
	Baith thai segis, forsuth, sadly and sair, 151
575	Thoght thai war astonait, in that stour stithly thai stude.
	The feght sa felly thai fang, with ane fresch fair, 152
	Quhil Gaudifeir and Galiot baith to grund yhude.          Until; fell; (see note)
	Gaudifeir gat up agane, throu Goddis grete mightis -                   (see note)
	Abone him wichtely he wan,        Over him (i.e., Galiot) powerfully he prevailed
580	With the craft that he can.                     skill; could [muster]; (see note)
	Thai lovit God and Sanct An,                                  praised; Saint Anne
	The King and his knightis.
	Than wes Galiot the gome hynt in till ane hald.    knight taken into a stronghold
	Golagrus grew in greif, grymly in hart,
585	And callit Schir Rigal of Rone, ane renk that wes bald:          bold; (see note)
	"Quhill this querrell be quyt, I cover never in quert. 153             (see note)
	With wailit wapnis of were, evin on yone wald, 154
	On ane sterand steid that sternly will stert             lively; boldly will move
	I pray the, for my saik, that it be deir sald;                        dear bought
590	Was never sa unsound set to my hert."                    such trouble; (see note)
	That gome gudly furth gays and graithit his gere,       warrior; goes and readies
	Blew ane blast of ane horne,
	As wes the maner beforne;
	Scheld and helm has he borne
595	Away with his spere.

	The King crownit with gold this cumpas wele knew,                         pattern
	And callit Schir Raunald, cruell and kene:                       fierce and eager
	"Gif ony pressis to this place, for prowes to persew,  hastens; prowess to pursue
	Schaip the evin to the schalk, in thi schroud schene." 155             (see note)
600	The deir dight him to the deid, be the day dew: 156                    (see note)
	His birny and his basnet, burnist full bene;      armor; helmet polished well are
	Baith his horse and his geir wes of ane hale hew,                  a single color
	With gold and goulis sa gay graithit in grene;           red; adorned; (see note)
	Ane schene scheild and ane schaft, that scharply was sched.                 honed
605	Thre ber hedis he bair,                           bear heads [as heraldic device]
	As his eldaris did air,                                      ancestors did before
	Quhilk beirnis in Britane wair                                     Which warriors
	Of his blude bred.

	Quhen the day can daw, deirly on hight,                                  did dawn
610	And the sone in the sky wes schynyng so schir,                             bright
	Fra the castell thair come cariand ane knight,                 riding; (see note)
	Closit in clene steill, upone ane coursyr.                     Enclosed; warhorse
	Schir Rannald to his riche steid raikit full right;         proceeded; (see note)
	Lightly lap he on loft, that lufly of lyre. 157                        (see note)
615	Athir laught has thair lance, that lemyt so light; 158
	On twa stedis thai straid, with ane sterne schiere.                advanced; look
	Togiddir freschly thai frekis fruschit, in fay;                struggled in faith
	Thair speris in splendris sprent                              splinters shattered
	On scheldis, schonkit and schent,                             shivered and ruined
620	Evin ovr thair hedis went
	In feild fir away.                                                            far
 
	Thai lufly ledis belife lightit on the land,          fighters quickly dismounted
	And laught out swerdis, lufly and lang.                                  snatched
	Thair stedis stakkerit in the stour, and stude stummerand, 159         (see note)
625	Al tostiffillit and stonayt, the strakis war sa strang! 160
	Athir berne braithly bet with ane bright brand;     fiercely beat (i.e., laid on)
	On fute freschly thai frekis feghtin thai fang;               combat they engaged
	Thai hewit on hard steil, hartly with hand,                              heartily
	Quhil the spalis and the sparkis spedely out sprang.                    splinters
630	Schir Rannald raught to the renk ane rout wes unryde; 161
	Clenely in the collair,                                                    collar
	Fifty mailyeis and mair                                                chainlinks
	Evin of the schuldir he schair,                             Cleanly from; sheared
	Ane wound that wes wyde.

635	Thus thai faucht on fute, on the fair feild.                           (see note)
	The blude famyt thame fra, on feild quhare thai found; 162
	All the bernys on the bent about that beheild,                       on the field
	For pure sorow of that sight thai sighit unsound.                   sighed sorely
	Schire teris schot fra schalkis, schene undir scheild, 163             (see note)
640	Quhen thai foundrit and fel fey to the grund;   lurched and fell dead; (see note)
	Baith thair hartis can brist braithly, but beild. 164
	Thair wes na stalwart unstonait, so sterne wes the stound! 165
	Schir Rannaldis body wes broght to the bright tent;
	Syne to the castel of stone                                                  Then
645	Thai had Schir Regal of Rone;
	With mekil murnyng and mone                                         much mourning
	Away with him went.

	Thus endit the avynantis with mekil honour;    died the courteous [knights]; much
	Yit has men thame in mynd for thair manhede. 166
650	Thair bodeis wes beryit baith in ane hour;           buried both in the same hour
	Set segis for thair saullis to syng and to reid. 167
	Than Gologrus graithit of his men in glisnand armour 168               (see note)
	And Schir Louys the lele, ane lord of that leid;        loyal; people; (see note)
	Ane uthir heght Edmond, that provit paramour; 169                      (see note)
655	The thrid heght Schir Bantellas, the batal to leid;      called; lead; (see note)
	The ferd wes ane weryour worthy and wight,                                 fourth
	His name wes Schir Sanguel,                                            (see note)
	Cumly and cruel;                                                           fierce
	Thir four, treuly to tell,                                                  Those
660	Foundis to the feght.                                                     Set out

	Schir Lyonel to Schir Louys wes levit with ane lance; 170              (see note)
	Schir Ewin to Shir Edmond, athir ful evin;       each equally matched; (see note)
	Schir Bedwar to Schir Bantellas, to enschew his chance, 171            (see note)
	That baith war nemmyt in neid, nobil to nevin;         summoned; name; (see note)
665	To Schir Sangwel soght gude Gyromalance.                               (see note)
	Thus thai mellit and met with ane stout stevin,                struggled; tummult
	Thir lufly ledis on the land, without legiance.              fighters; submission
	With seymely scheildis to schew, thai set upone sevin 172              (see note)
	Thir cumly knightis to kyth ane cruel course maid. 173                 (see note)
670	The frekis felloune in feir                                       fierce together
	Wondir stoutly can steir,                                did conduct [themselves]
	With geir grundin ful cleir                                             burnished
	Rudly thai raid.                                              Violently they rode

Towrres he turnes, and turmentez the pople,
Wroghte wedewes fulle wlonke wrotherayle synge[n],
Ofte wery and wepe, and wryngene theire handes